?? | 椴?????????垮ぇ?辨ˉ澶у?杩?????瀛﹂?㈢?韬???????澶??﹀ぇ瀛︾???瀛﹂??MBA椤圭???硅??????
??杩? 锛??介??璐告??璇?棰???娆℃??涓虹??? ?????讳????ㄧ?ョ????????? 锛????澶х害??涓??ㄤ??㈠??涓??归???
?1.?瀵瑰??圭??瑷?琛?锛?搴?璇ュ己?垮??搴?杩??????舵?????
?2. ?剧?兼??? 锛?濡???涓ラ??缂轰?浜?淇 锛????风淮???介??璐告????浣?锛?
?3. 璐告??????川????? ??浜?瀹充?璁告???澶?????浜????︿?寰?蹇????锛?
?????介??璐告?????ㄥ?姹? ??涓?杩?锛?浠??跺??互璇???????介??璐告?????板?虹??????寰??板? ?? ??瀵逛?濡?浣?璧板?衡????寰??板? ??锛???寮?璁哄凡缁???瓒?杩?30骞寸????绌??璁稿??跺?? 锛?涓?涓?????拌薄??川??缁??哥??璁烘????楂???瀹?璺典环???
绠???瑷?涔? 锛??充娇韬??涓ラ??缂轰?浜?淇＄????寮?涓锛?濡???绛??ュ?褰? 锛???浣??崇郴浠??舵?????界?? ??濡???绛??ュけ褰? 锛????归?峰?ラ?夸?浜?瀹冲?崇郴??涓??借????锛?瀹?涔??????界?? ??
绗??娆′???澶ф?? 锛???瀵瑰＋?典??寸????浣?榛?濂?
绗??娆′???澶ф???撮?叉?挎不?崇???涓?绯诲??璇????棣??? 锛??卞痉涓轰唬琛ㄧ??瀵圭?????璇??ゅゥ?板?╁ぇ???茶开??寰凤?Franz Ferdinand锛??烘??浜?浠剁??璞″???涔? ???舵?锛????逛互涓鸿薄寰??ф???瀵瑰???互?ㄥ??涓???????缁??? ??缁??? 锛?绗??娆′???澶ф??寤剁画浜?4骞 锛?浼や骸4200涓?浜??
杩???涓?涓??轰??崇??????????拌薄锛???????浜??ㄤ腑????骞冲??浣? ???ㄤ?娉??戒??村欢浼稿?版??╂?剁??500?遍????澹?娌?????涓 锛????瑰＋?垫?缁??哄??浜???浜????蹭?缃?瑙????拌薄锛??や??存??х??绐?琚 锛?澹??靛??互?ㄥ???规????绋???姝ｅ父??娲锛????????ф??瀵规?圭???绘??灏??? ??
???插?瀹堕?夸?娌???锛?Tony Ashworth锛?????濂藉?杩?涓??拌薄????杩???璇诲ぇ????绾垮＋?电??瀹朵功???ヨ?锛?浠?浠ャ??澹?娌???浜?1914-1918??锛?Trench War 1914-1918锛?涓?涔﹁?褰?浜???浜?涓???瀵瑰???圭?规?????浣?琛?涓 ??
??914骞???濮? 锛???浜?琛??ユ?? 锛????逛??ヤ??轰?姝绘??娲荤???跺??娓告?? ????涓哄?剁?剁????绱?锛??ㄦ??浜??靛? 锛????瑰?????堕キ???堕?寸?瑰??濂藉樊涓?澶??????哄?虹?板??圭??瀹??? ???剁?跺舰????榛?濂? 锛?浠?浼?????楗?欢浼稿?拌捣搴??烘? ??涓???8-9?归??锛??卞痉澹??典???浜?涓?渚电?????舵?? 锛?璁╁ぇ瀹跺???绉?浜轰??????? 锛????归?戒?绾﹁?????版?惧?瀵归???琛ョ?绾跨???诲?锛???繁瑕???楗 锛?涔?璁╁??规??楗?????
?镐????剁??榛?濂? 锛?浠?涓?涓???????寤跺?板?﹀?涓?涓????? ??1914骞村?ｈ???锛????洪?虹??澹??电???冲??互???板??瑰?娌???涓???蹇?琚???? ????澶?褰??朵??虹? 锛?杩?姣?绔?????浜???褰?涓??瑰???ㄧ?琚?? 锛??﹀?涓??归┈涓?浜?浠ュ?搴??????锛?涓??芥?典?? ??浼????锛?寰峰?界???绘??浼??规???????卞??澹?娌?涓??圭??姘?瀹? 锛?杩?缁??? 锛??磋?虫???轰?涓??浜?????娲? ?????瑰＋?典滑?ㄧ被浼兼?瑰?灞??版?ュ??藉?????????涓??ヨ?涓??锛???娲讳?璁╀?娲 锛????剁???﹀?? ??
???ф??浜????昏? 锛???瀵瑰???瑰舰???稿??????寰??板? ???镐?????搴?璇ユ??父????浣??锛?澹?娌???浜?涓???澹??靛?磋〃?板?哄?﹀?涓????绐?琚?腑???? 锛?浼????跺??浣? 锛???繁姹?娲昏矾锛?涔?璁╁??规??娲昏矾 ??????澹??典??寸????骞冲??浣? 锛?褰??跺??????ラ?ㄧ??涓?婊 ?????ュ??绘???规?缁х画??浜???瀹????﹀?涓?涓???浜? ??浣?? 锛??锋?ユ??涔???澹?娌???浜?涓锛???瀵瑰＋?垫?????疯揪????浣?榛?濂???锛??ㄥ???ョ??100骞翠腑 锛?瀹?涓??存????绌跺??寮?璁哄????????ㄨ?棰? ??
瓒?瓒???寰??板?
1950骞 锛??板痉???革?Rand Corp锛?寮?濮???绌剁??藉??????涔??村?锋????寮????板?瀹剁???寰峰??寰烽?疯??锛?Merrill Flood and Melvin Dresher锛??ㄦ??鸿??????????寰??板???锛?瑙?涓??撅???
?ㄤ?涓????崇????汉涓???汉涔??寸????寮?涓锛?濡???涓や汉浜???涓查??锛??戒???缂?榛? 锛??ｄ???琚???骞 ??濡????朵腑涓?浣????? 锛????︿?浣?浠??舵??缁???渚?锛??ｄ? 锛?????????汉??互???? 锛?????渚?????汉?峰??5骞 ??濡???涓や??借????浜???涓蹭?锛??ｄ????峰??3骞???虫?煎?? 锛???涓轰袱浣???汉??娉?娌??? 锛????х??棣???涓????村?惧??浜????? ???ㄧ己涔?淇℃?????????胯?????涓?锛?瀹???釜浜哄?╃????澶у????浼??块??椤 ??
????寰??板? ??褰卞??浜?涓?浠ｅ?介???崇郴瀛﹁??????缇?涓や釜瓒?绾уぇ?界?浜?杩?绋?涓 锛???????瀵规????涓哄ぇ?藉??寮???棣?????浼??? ??褰??惧?╂．锛?Graham Allison锛?璋?璁哄ぇ?藉?茬???淇???搴?寰烽?烽?憋?Thucydides' trap锛?? 锛??惰???????昏?涔????姝 ??
浜?淇＄己澶卞氨涓????藉??浣???锛????锋???介?????寰??板?涓??????╋?涓????锛????????瑰＋?典??寸????????浣????????变?? 锛?杩?????互?夸?缁存??锛?
甯︾??涓?杩伴??? 锛?瀵?姝??瑰ぇ瀛︽?挎不瀛﹀??垮??璧?灏?缃?寰凤?Robert Axelrod锛?淇??逛???寰??板???涓?涓???瑕??? ??浣?琚?拷瑙???????锛????虫??瀵瑰???硅??ヤ?涓?惊???澶?锛?涓??存??缁???荤??浜??ㄨ?绋?锛?浠?涔??风?????╋???浣???????锛?浼????猴?杩?涓????虹?????╁?璇ュ?锋??绋冲?? 锛?搴?璇ョ??????╄?????胯??╃????
涓烘?????介?挎????寮???????瑙?寰? 锛??垮??璧?灏?缃?寰疯?璁′?涓?涓??佃??娓告?? ??娓告??妯′豢??寰??板?锛?浣?涓?璁剧?缁????′欢 ???㈣?涔? 锛?娓告????????涓??ラ??涓?涓?灞????︿负缁?灞???1980骞 锛??垮??璧?灏?缃?寰峰????绌跺??寮?璁哄???稿?崇ぞ浼?绉?瀛︾??瀛﹁?????鸿?遍??甯?锛???璇蜂?浠????垮??涓???寰??板???娓告?? ??
绗??杞??︽??璧????????芥????寮?璁虹?卞ソ????涓?瀹 ??浣??ユ??寰? 锛???寮?14杞 锛?????寰???绗???????浼﹀?澶у???涓?浣???????浠?浣跨?ㄧ??绛??ユ???剁?娲?锛?涓??ヨ?涓??ワ?Tit for Tat锛?锛??充?瀵规??濂 锛??????ヤ互????锛?浣?瀵规??? 锛???灏辨?ュ????伙?濡?姝锛?寰????澶?涓??瑰????
?绗??杞??︽??璧???62杞???寮? ???ヨ??涓??藉??????????藉凡缁?????涓?涓?杞???寮???缁??? 锛??瑰?????疯??绛?? ????????灏?璇?15绉?涓???????浣?????????绛??ョ??? 锛???????涓?椹??绛?? ??(?哄?哄氨杩???????涓ゅ?)锛???璇遍?绛????锛?寮?灞???浣?锛??跺??杩?缁?????锛? 锛???寮虹??绛????锛?涓??磋???? 锛?浠?涓???浣?锛?锛???瓒??哄??渚垮?绛?? ??锛???浣?涓?娆 锛?????涓ゆ? 锛?????姝?姹?楗讹???浠や汉??璁剁???锛?姒?涓????????????芥??娇?ㄤ???涓??ヨ?涓?? ????绛?? ??
??垮??璧?灏?缃?寰风????濮???绌堕??????浠???韩?╃???哄?? 锛??ㄦ病????濞?骞查????′欢涓? 锛?缂轰?淇′换????寮????硅?藉?﹀舰????浣??崇郴锛?濡????锛?瀹???瑙?寰????涔?锛?瑙?寰????︽???挎????绋冲??э?
?涓よ疆?佃??妯℃??娓告???剧ず锛?褰?绔?浜????硅?涓轰??ㄦ???ュ??澶??搁??? 锛?浠?浠??????介??绾斥??涓??ヨ?涓??????绛?? ??瀹???缁?瀵艰?村???圭ǔ瀹?????浣??崇郴????杩?绉??崇郴??绗﹀?????????胯??╃?? ??
涓轰?姹?璇??佃??妯℃??娓告?????扮??瑙?寰? 锛??垮??璧?灏?缃?寰锋?惧?扮???╄???瀛﹀?姹?瀵?灏?椤匡?William Hamilton锛?锛?璇蜂?浠?浜夸?骞寸???╄?????瑙?搴﹁В????璇?浼???涓??ヨ?涓?? ??????浣?瑙?寰? ??姹?瀵?灏?椤胯В?? 锛?绫讳技??浜???????锛?Reciprocity锛?涔?棰?绻??虹?板?ㄧ???╄???杩?绋?涓??渚?濡? 锛?娴烽?锛?Sea bass锛???涓や釜?у?ㄥ?锛???????? ??濡???娴烽?????娆′氦??锛???绮惧??浜у?佃?绋???浠诲? 锛?寰?寰???????挎?? 锛?澶х害5娆℃?挎??姣?娴烽???浠诲?锛?5娆℃?ц???捣椴???瑙?? ??
绫讳技??浜?????浣??拌薄 锛??ㄧ?╃?杩???杩?绋?涓?????瀛????绠???缁?????妞??╁???ㄧ?╂病????富?? ??????璇?????? ??浣?? 锛?瀹?浠???涓?澶??ㄧ???????搴??哄? ???挎??杩???杩?绋?涓锛?浜?????搴????╀??╃???瀛???杩?涓????界??绛??ラ??杩??哄??淇???涓?? 锛?浼?缁???浠??姹?瀵?灏?椤挎????????浜茬??崇郴???╀???浣? ????璁鸿?璁や负???杈惧??????╃?澶╂??????╄?????璁虹??涓?涓???瑕?琛ュ?? ?????╄??? 锛??㈡??绔?浜?锛???????浣? ????浣????╃?婕?????涓绘??寰???
??涓??ヨ?涓?? ???????????借?浜?瀹冲?崇郴寰????? 锛???涓烘??浼?姝㈢??瀹挎???瀹?瀹??ㄦ?????界?? ????姝 锛???寮?璁哄????瑰???″?浼?????涓??ヨ?涓?? ????浜?????浣?瑙?寰?锛????蹭汉浠??璇??板????????韩?╃??????浼?绛?? ??
缂轰?浜?淇℃?′欢涓?????浣?绛???/h4>
??涓鸿耽瀹 锛???浠??涓??芥??宸﹁? 锛????抽???浣??锛???????浠ョ??杩???锛?浠ョ?艰???? 锛?瀹?涔?涓?绗﹀????浠???韩?╃?????挎?????? ??瀹?璺典腑 锛??垮??璧?灏?缃?寰风????涓??ヨ?涓?? ????绛??ユ??10椤瑰??ㄥ???? ???荤?濡?涓?锛?
?1??寰?浜轰互?锛???????稿???浣?绀哄ソ 锛??????? ??浣???寮? 锛?????? ??濡?姝ゅ惊???澶???
?2???告?剧?镐?渚?瀛???瀹垮?锛???娑??跺??娓告????蹇靛ご ??韬蹭???涓? 锛???涓?浜???浜? ??璁╁??圭??瑙 锛?杩?涓????娆℃?у??互浜???????寮???
?3??棣??拌???锛?????寮?灞?????寮?浼?濮? 锛?涓??烘互?? 锛?涓??ㄦ?跺康 ??浠???濂戒汉寮?濮? ??
?4????????锛?浠ョ??杩????????????? 锛????诲??姣?渚? ??
?5??瀹藉????戒?娆 锛?浜????宸т?淇 ????澶???璋?瀵规??涓?娆锛???涓????ㄦ???????ュ?涔?????
?6???胯?涓?棣???????锛?濡???澶辫? 锛???璇??存? ????濡???涓鸿??よ?????╄???? 锛?绔??宠В??骞惰ˉ? ??
?7??涓???灏?????锛?涓???灏?渚垮????充娇???板??规?娲?????蹇 锛?????绗??? 锛?寰?浜轰互? ??
?8?????ㄥ??锛?瓒?瓒???繁 ???跺??娓告?????瑰?ㄥ??寮卞????????跺??娓告?????规??????杩?姝 ??
?9??缁??? 锛???涓哄??浣???灏?? ???充娇?ㄦ?????锋????????绔?浜????涓 锛?灏??扮?????涔??寸????浣?灏??瑰????婊℃?????????锛??磋?冲??浣???涓轰富瀵肩????
?10??寮?瀹???涔?瀹ｇず?靛???涓??ヨ?涓?? ????绛????褰????硅?璇??板????瑕???浼????? 锛?寤虹???浣???杩?绋???互???? ??
?ㄧ???????介?????涓? 锛???涓哄?扮??跨???绱?锛??介??璐告????寰??村??澶??? ?????风??瑙ｅ??绠＄??澶???绯荤?锛?绯荤?瀛﹀??夸?姣?锛?Ross Ashby锛?寤鸿?锛??靛???蹇?瑕???澶??锋??? ????锛?Ashby's law of requisite variety锛???姒?瑷?涔? 锛?绯荤?瓒?澶??? 锛???搴????规?涔?瑕?澶?绉?澶??锛??﹀??灏遍?炬?????颁互涓??ヨ?涓?? ??濡???瀵规?圭????寮?涓????存?板????锛????瑰?????荤?蹇靛??杩?涓??? 锛??ｇ?浜???缁???????咖?? ??
